Energy in the Middle East

Energy in the Middle East describes energy and electricity production, consumption and import in the Middle East. Energy policy of the Middle East will describe the politics of the Middle East related to energy more in detail.

1 Primary energy use
2 Oil
3 Natural gas
4 Business
5 Climate change
6 References
7 See also

Primary energy use

Primary energy in the Middle East 2008^[1]
#		TWh	Capita	Capita growth 2004-2008	TWh/million
1	Iran	2,350	71.96	7.4 %	33
2	Saudi Arabia	1,879	24.65	2.9 %	76
3	Turkey	1,146	71.08	-1.0 %	16
4	Egypt	822	81.53	12.2 %	10
5	United Arab Emirates	680	4.48	3.7 %	152
6	Iraq	395	28.22	11.2 %	14
7	Kuwait	306	2.73	11.0 %	112
8	Qatar	281	1.28	64.1 %	219
9	Israel	256	17.31	7.5 %	15
10	Syria	229	21,23	14.3 %	11
11	Oman	191	2.79	10.3 %	69
12	Bahrain	107	0.77	6.9 %	139
13	Yemen	87	23.05	13.4 %	4
14	Jordan	82	5.91	8.6 %	14
15	Lebanon	61	4.14	16.9 %	15
16	Cyprus	30	0.80	-3.6 %	38
Mtoe = 11.63 TWh. Prim. energy includes energy losses

Oil

In 2009 the largest share of oil production was in the Middle East (24 million barrels daily, or 31 per cent of global production. According to Transparency International based on BP data regionally the largest share of proved oil reserves is in the Middle East (754 billion barrels, constituting 51 per cent of global reserves including oil sands and 57 per cent excluding them). According to BP of the world oil reserves were in Saudi Arabia 18 %, Iran 9 %, Iraq 8 %, Kuwait 7 % and UAE 7 %.^[2]

Natural gas

Middle Eastern countries possess about 40 per cent of natural gas reserves. According to BP in 2009 of the proved gas reserves were in Iran 16 % and Qatar 14 %.^[2]

Business

Major energy companies in the Middle East include Saudi Aramco, Qatar Petroleum, Kuwait Petroleum Corporation KPC and National Iranian Oil Company NIOC.

Climate change

Middle East countrie include top carbon dioxide emitters per capita: World dirty top countries were in 2009 (tonnes/capita): 1) Gibraltar 152, 2) Virgin Islands U,S 114, 3) Qatar 80, 4) Netherlands Antilles 51, 5) Bahrain 43. 6) United Arab Emirates 40, 7) Trinidad and Tobago 39, Singapore 34 and Kuwait 32.^[3] All emissions from building and cement production are local but some people may argue that some United Arab Emirates produced fuels and/or goods are consumed abroad.^[4]

References

^ IEA Key energy statistics 2010 Page: Country specific indicator numbers from page 48
^ ^a ^b 2011 report on oil and gas companies, Promoting revenue Transparency Transparency International 2011 pages 113-115
^ World carbon dioxide emissions data by country: China speeds ahead of the rest Guardian 31 January 2011
^ Which nations are most responsible for climate change? Guardian 21 April 2011